Saturday, March 24, 2012

Credit and the credit system, exactly what is it?




 

                                                                    Abstract

     The topic of this paper is the current credit system.  My objective will be to explore and learn more about the credit system.  I will be examining it in an attempt to figure out just what it is and how it works.  To achieve this objective, I will take a look at the history of credit, money, credit cards and the credit reporting system.


 

                                                           What is credit?

      So exactly what in the world is credit and how did we get on a credit system?  Most Americans don’t even know that the United States and most of the world for that matter are functioning on a credit system.  People have been hoodwinked into believing that we are on a money system.  The true nature and meaning of money has disappeared from the memory of the public.  First and foremost I would like to clear something up.  Credit is not real tangible wealth.  Credit is imaginary.  Credit only exists in the mind.  When I say imaginary I mean you cannot touch it or weigh it.  It is nothing but book keeping entries and computer symbols and can only exist while there are computers and electric power available.    You think I’m wrong?  Watch how far your credit card will get you when there is a blizzard or a hurricane and all the power in the area gets knocked out.  Traditionally throughout the history of the world, tangible real world items have been used as money.  Items like gold, silver, diamonds and platinum.  Credit is not money.  A dollar bill is not money.  A dollar is a unit of measure, and can no more be money than gallons or quarts can be gasoline or milk.  The most powerful weapon of all and the least understood by those who need to know is money.  In a letter to Thomas Jefferson in 1787, John Adams wrote, “All the complexities and confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in the constitution, not from want of honor or virtue, so much as from down-right ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation” or words to that effect.  In today’s world words like money, wealth, credit and inflation are all shrouded in mystery, add to that the wide-spread misinformation about tax laws and the result is a system designed to confuse the public.

 

A Brief History of Credit Cards.

     The following passages were taken from an article by M. J. Stephey published in Time Magazine on April 23, 2009.  I felt these passages were perfectly appropriate for this paper.

     It was status and convenience in two breezy words: Charge it. But in these leaner times, shoppers are thinking twice before pulling out the plastic, even as analysts predict credit-card defaults could total more than $75 billion this year. On April 23, U.S. President Barack Obama and his economic adviser Lawrence Summers met with credit-card executives to discuss how to control our addiction to plastic--and curb the controversial practices that encourage it.

 

     Charge cards have been around since the 1920s, when service stations, department stores and hotel chains began offering them to automobile-loving consumers who didn't want to trek back to their hometown bank to get cash. But it wasn't until the postwar boom of the 1950s that credit cards really caught on. In 1950, Diners Club issued its first card--made of cardboard--for use in 27 restaurants in New York City. A year later, nearly 20,000 Americans carried it in their wallet. American Express, which had specialized in traveler's checks, created its card in 1958; the same year, Bank of America mailed its first 60,000 BankAmericards (now Visas) to residents of Fresno, Calif.--a harbinger of the aggressive marketing tactics used today.

 

     Computerization spurred a boom in the 1970s and '80s, as did new methods of analyzing consumer data to unearth the most lucrative "revolvers," those who often carry high balances but are unlikely to default. Critics say contracts today, with their ever shifting terms and complex legalese, have helped customers get into more debt than they bargained for. Though Congress shelved earlier proposals for a credit-card holders' bill of rights, a new version was introduced in January, and this time, economic hardship coupled with populist outrage could translate into legislative change. [1]
 

The Federal Reserve System

      This discussion would not be complete without a look at the Federal Reserve System.  The name itself is a little confusing.  When people hear the word Federal, they think it means the government.  That could not be further from the truth.  The Federal Reserve a private banking cartel made up of U.S. and foreign banks.  The Federal Reserve Act was enacted December 23, 1913.  This Act created the central banking system of the U.S. and granted it the legal authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes.  The Federal Reserve loans money to the nation at interest.  Your income taxes go to repay those loans.
 

     In 1910 the nation’s leading bankers met at the home of J.P. Morgan on Jekyll Island GA.  They designed the Federal Reserve System and then threw their considerable wealth and influence behind Woodrow Wilson and backed him for president.  In exchange Wilson agreed that he would pass the Federal Reserve act.  Keep in mind, this act was written by wealthy bankers.  Once Wilson got into office, he quickly signed the act into law.  He later wrote the following.  

            “Our great industrial nation is controlled by its system of credit.  Therefore all of our activities are in the hands of a small group of men who chill and check true economic freedom.  We have come to be one of the worst ruled, completely controlled and dominated governments in the world.  No longer a government of the opinion and duress of a small group of dominant men.”

                                                                                                                 Woodrow Wilson

 

The credit reporting system.

     Now for credit reporting, here in the U.S. we have three main credit reporting agencies each having primary responsibility for different regions.  These agencies are Equifax, Trans-Union and Experien.  It is important that you know about these agencies because they are reporting to your creditors information about you.  There are other credit reporting agencies, but these three are the main ones.  Then there is the issue of credit scoring.  The credit score and the credit report are two different things.  The credit report shows a list of your creditors, balances, the number of and type of accounts, as well as your payment history.  It will show your history for a seven year period.  The credit score or FICO score as you may hear it called was created by the Fair Issacs Corporation.  The FICO score looks at your spending habits, bill paying habits, amount of debt and compares you to your peers.

 

The U.S. Constitution

     Article One, Section Ten of the U.S. constitution states, that “No state shall emit bills of credit, or make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment or debts." Such bills of credit are declared to mean promissory notes or bills issued exclusively on the credit of the state, and for the payment of which the faith of the state only is pledged. The prohibition, therefore, does not apply to the notes of a state bank, drawn on the credit of a particular fund set apart for the purpose. [2]

  

The Dollar

     I would like to note that the money of accounts for the United States is gold and silver coin.  One dollar is defined as one ounce of silver in the form of a coin.  The dollar bill note is the most common denomination of U.S. currency.  The first president, George Washington, painted by Gilvert Stuart, is currently featured on the obverse, while the Great Seal of the United States is featured on the reverse.  In 1862 the first dollar bill was issued as a Legal Tender Note with a portrait of Salmon P. Chase, the Secretary of the Treasury under President Abraham Lincoln.  The first silver dollar coins were minted and issued beginning in the year 1794.

  

References

 
[1] M.J. Stephey, Initials. (2009, April 23). A brief history of: credit cards. Time, Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1893507,00.html

 

[2] United States Constitution

 

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